<span name="style_bold">Background: </span>Treatment of intraepithelial lesions could be a risk factor for preterm delivery and / or premature rupture of membranes. The purpose of this study was to compare the obstetric outcomes of patients attended at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Service of the Rafael Angel Calderon Guardia Hospital with a history of LEEP with those of the general pregnant population without such history. <span name="style_bold">Methods: </span>We conducted a retrospective cohort study that included 68 patients in a reproductive age who underwent LEEP in the period 2005-2009 with subsequent pregnancies and deliveries until December 31, 2012. To compare the results with those of the general pregnant population, we chose randomly 204 patients not exposed to LEEP with delivery dates similar to those of the patients exposed to LEEP (1:3 ratio). We compared variables concerning prenatal care, labor and the newborn between both groups. <span name="style_bold">Results: </span>On the one hand, the percentage of patients with preterm delivery in the exposed group was 10.7% (n = 8) and in the unexposed group was 11.8% (n = 22). This difference was not statistically significant (<span name="style_italic">p </span>= 0.40, RR 0.91, 95% CI 0.3 to 2.1). On the other hand, the percentage of patients with premature rupture of membranes was higher in the exposed group (27.9%, n = 19) than in the unexposed group (7.3%, n = 15). This difference was statistically significant (<span name="style_italic">p </span>&lt;0.01, RR 3.8 95% CI 2.3 to 10.3). <span name="style_bold">Conclusions: </span>The loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) represented a risk factor for premature rupture of membranes but not for preterm delivery.The loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) represented a risk factor for premature rupture of membranes but not for preterm delivery.

Obstetric labor; fetal membranes; premature membrane rupture