The objective of this overview is to highlight the serological diagnosis of the hepatitis B virus, agent of great importance for Public Health due to its capacity to induce chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatic carcinoma. It consider different viral serologic markers used in clinical laboratories according to the phase of the infection and the probable prognostic, wich are very useful in the prevention and control programs that have allowed reduced morbidity and mortality from hepatitis B. Moreover, are discussed in this document some aspects such as immunization with the vaccine and the geographical location of laboratories of the Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social, for the diagnosis of the virus.

Serology markers VHB; VHB; Viral Hepatitis B