Gorgona is a Colombian continental island that biogeographically belongs in the Choco region. This work constitutes a first approximation to the aquatic insects, with emphasis in Ephemeroptera and Plecoptera: distribution, ecology, and associations to the continental mainland. Between October 2010 and June 2011, immature and adult specimens were collected in five streams of the island´s Western sector using entomological nets, Malaise traps, and light traps. A total of nine orders, 28 families, 39 genera and 16 species of aquatic insects were found. New geographical records for Gorgona include: Dytiscidae (Coleoptera), <span name="style_italic">Zelusia, Farrodes</span> and <span name="style_italic">Terpides</span> (Ephemeroptera), <span name="style_italic">Leucotrichia</span> and <span name="style_italic">Wormaldia</span> (Trichoptera), <span name="style_italic">Laccodytes, Neoelmis</span> and <span name="style_italic">Pheneps</span> (Coleoptera), <span name="style_italic">Maruina</span> and <span name="style_italic">Limonia</span> (Diptera). As part of this study, four new species for each, Ephemeroptera and Plecoptera, were found. <span name="style_italic">Leptohyphes jodiannae</span>, <span name="style_italic">L. maculatus</span> and <span name="style_italic">Hagenulopsis esmeralda</span> are recorded for the first time for Colombia. <span name="style_italic">Farrodes caribbianus, F. roundsi, Hagenulopsis zunigae, Zelusia principalis</span> and <span name="style_italic">Anacroneuria choco</span> are reported for the first time for the National Park. The high abundance of families, genera, and species is similar to that of low order streams in the tropic mainland, particularly those associated to the Choco bio-geographical province. Rev. Biol. Trop. 62 (Suppl. 1): 221-241. Epub 2014 February 01. are reported for the first time for the National Park. The high abundance of families, genera, and species is similar to that of low order streams in the tropic mainland, particularly those associated to the Choco bio-geographical province. Rev. Biol. Trop. 62 (Suppl. 1): 221-241. Epub 2014 February 01.

Entomofauna acuática; Ephemeroptera; Plecoptera; Parque Nacional Natural Gorgona; Colombia; Chocó biogeográfico