None; None; None; None; None; None

Lucía Epherra

Centro Nacional Patagonico (CENPAT-CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina; epherra@cenpat-conicet.gob.ar; rubilar@cenpat-conicet.gob.ar; crespi@cenpat-conicet.gob.ar

Augusto Crespi-Abril

Centro Nacional Patagonico (CENPAT-CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina; epherra@cenpat-conicet.gob.ar; rubilar@cenpat-conicet.gob.ar; crespi@cenpat-conicet.gob.ar

Pablo Ezequiel Meretta

Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina; pabloemeretta@gmail.com, mcledon@mdp.edu.ar

Maximiliano Cledón

Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina; pabloemeretta@gmail.com, mcledon@mdp.edu.ar

Enrique Mario Morsan

Instituto de Biología Marina y Pesquera “Almirante Storni”, San Antonio Oeste, Río Negro, Argentina; qmorsan@gmail.com

Tamara Rubilar

Centro Nacional Patagonico (CENPAT-CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina; epherra@cenpat-conicet.gob.ar; rubilar@cenpat-conicet.gob.ar; crespi@cenpat-conicet.gob.ar

Figures (4)
Tables (3)

Thumbnail

Fig. 1
Arbacia dufresnii Aristotle’s lantern of obtained from a Scanning Electron Microscope. Lateral (A) and aboral (B) views of and schematic representations of a jaw, (C) and a rotula (D) with the location of landmarks.

Thumbnail

Fig. 2
Relationship between jaw length (mm) and test diameter (cm) between the selected sites: El Sotano (ES), Zona 39 (Z39), Punta Tehuelche (PT) and Punta Cuevas (PC). White symbols correspond to the presence of Undaria pinnatifida; black symbols represent the sampled sites without U. pinnatifida. The lines indicate the estimated mean of generalized least square model.

Thumbnail

Fig. 3
(A) Scatterplots of the first and second components of the relative warp analysis (RW1 and RW2 respectively) using jaw of Arbacia dufresnii and (B) of the centroid size and first component of the relative warp analysis. Filled squares correspond to individuals from the location Zona 39, filled triangles correspond to individuals from the location El Sótano, empty triangles correspond to individuals from the location Punta Tehuelche, empty circles correspond to individuals from the location Punta Cuevas, and crosses correspond to individuals from the location La Tranquera. In parenthesis is expressed the percentage of the total shape variation explained by each component or the relative warp analysis. On RW1 axis is represented the shape of jaw at the extremes values of the axis.

Thumbnail

Fig. 4
(A) Scatterplots of the first and second components of the relative warp analysis (RW1 and RW2, respectively) using rotula of Arbacia dufresnii and (B) of the centroid size and first component of the relative warp analysis. Filled squares correspond to individuals from the location Zona 39, filled triangles correspond to individuals from the location El Sótano, empty triangles correspond to individuals from the location Punta Tehuelche, empty circles correspond to individuals from the location Punta Cuevas, and crosses correspond to individuals from the location La Tranquera. In parenthesis is expressed the percentage of the total shape variation explained by each component or the relative warp analysis. On RW1 axis is represented the shape of rotulae at the extremes values of the axis.

Thumbnail

Table 1
Generalized Least Square Models selection explaining sea urchin Aristotle’s lantern morphology measurements variation due to test diameter and between sampled populations

Thumbnail

Table 2
Parameter estimations for the selected Generalized Least Square Models explaining sea urchin Aristotle’s lantern morphological measurements variation due to test diameter and between sampled populations

Thumbnail

Table 3
Generalized Least Square Models selection explaining sea urchin Aristotle’s lantern morphology measurements variation due to the presence of invasive algae Undaria pinnatifida and test diameter

Model	N° par _i	lantern height			lantern weight			length of jaw			length of rotulae
Model	N° par _i	AIC	∆_i	w _i	AIC	∆_i	w _i	AIC	∆_i	w_i	AIC	∆_i	w _i
Pop+ Diam	6	- 86.88	10.45	0.01	111.84	6.27	0.04	39.26	2.4	0.22	-203.07	103.19	< 0.001
Pop + Diam + var	9	- 97.34*	0	0.99	105.57*	0	0.94	36.87*	0	0.72	306.26*	0	0.99
Diam + var	6	- 82.38	14.96	< 0.001	113.65	8.08	0.02	74.45	37.59	< 0.001	- 282.92	23.34	< 0.001
Pop + var	8	66.68	164.02	< 0.001	217.53	111.96	< 0.001	41.8	4.94	0.06	- 186.46	119.8	< 0.001
null + var	5	60.94	158.27	< 0.001	223.33	117.76	< 0.001	72.26	35.59	< 0.001	- 160.58	145.68	< 0.001
null	2	67.62	164.96	< 0.001	237.4	131.83	< 0.001	75.41	75.41	< 0.001	- 149.39	156.87	< 0.001

-	-	Estimate	-	CI
Response Variable	Coefficients	± SE	Lower	Upper
lantern height	Intercept	0.23 ± 0.06	0.11	0.34
-	Pop - PT	0.01 ± 0.06	- 0.1	0.12
-	Pop - ES	-0.07 ± 0.05	- 0.17	0.03
-	Pop - Z39	-0.16 ± 0.05	- 0.26	- 0.06
-	Diam	0.30 ± 0.02	0.27	0.33
lantern weight	Intercept	- 0.82 ± 0.11	- 1.04	- 0.6
-	Pop -PT	0.43 ± 0.11	0.22	0.64
-	Pop -ES	0.17 ± 0.09	- 0.01	0.34
-	Pop -Z39	0.09 ± 0.08	- 0.06	0.25
-	Diam	0.57 ± 0.04	0.49	0.64
length of jaw	Intercept	0.90 ± 0.09	0.72	1.08
-	Pop - PT	- 0.10 ± 0.07	- 0.25	0.04
-	Pop - ES	- 0.30 ± 0.07	- 0.45	- 0.16
-	Pop - Z39	- 0.47 ± 0.07	- 0.61	- 0.32
-	Diam	0.06 ± 0.03	0.01	0.12
length of rotulae	Intercept	0.02 ± 0.01	- 0.004	0.04
-	Pop - PT	0.04 ± 0.01	0.02	0.06
-	Pop - ES	0.04 ± 0.02	0.01	0.08
-	Pop - Z39	0.08 ± 0.03	0.03	0.13
-	Diam	0.10 ± 0.004	0.1	0.11

Model	N° par _i	lantern height			lantern weight			jaw length			length of rotulae
Model	N° par _i	AIC	∆_i	w _i	AIC	∆_i	w_i	AIC	∆_i	w _i	AIC	∆_i	w _i
Und + Diam	4	- 85.85	9.99	0.01	126.6	3.39	0.12	42.65	1.94	0.24	-203.62	60.97	< 0.001
Und + Diam + var	5	- 95.84	0	0.99	125.42*	2.21	0.22	43.65	2.94	0.14	-264.6*	0	0.79
Diam + var	4	- 85.36	1.48	< 0.001	123.21	0	0.66	77.91*	37.2	< 0.001	-261.91	2.68	0.21
Und + var	4	60.86*	156.7	< 0.001	236.26	113.05	< 0.001	40.71	0	0.62	-174.28	90.32	< 0.001
null + var	3	59.34	155.18	< 0.001	237.88	114.67	< 0.001	75.41	34.69	< 0.001	-148.47	116.13	< 0.001
null	2	67.62	163.47	< 0.001	237.4	114.19	< 0.001	75.95	35.23	< 0.001	-149.39	115.2	< 0.001

[TFN1] N° pari , number of parameters; AIC, Akaike´s information criterion; ∆i, AIC differences; w i , normalized weights of AIC.

[TFN2] Pop, population; Diam, test diameter; var, “VarIdent” variance structure.

[TFN3] * indicates the best models.

Morphological plasticity in the Aristotle’s lantern of Arbacia dufresnii (Phymosomatoida: Arbaciidae) off the Patagonian coast

Plásticidad morfológica en la linterna de Aristoteles en Arbacia dufresnii (Phymosomatoida: Arbaciidae) en la costa Patagónica

Abstract