The main goal of this work is to present a period of time proposal about the productive structure of the city of Palmares, as well as the transformations it suffered during the years 1940 - 2000. All these based on the economical and regional history perspective. For this reason, it is essential to highlight that the production structure of this Alajuelense community has undergone a process of change, characterized by a series of "production cycles", including: the tobacco cycle (1940 - 1950), the coffee cycle (1951-1980) and the agricultural diversification cycle (1981-2000), which hatched the coffee crisis and, at the same time, emerged the nontraditional agricultural production, as an alternative for the farmers of the region. Finally, this article aims to contribute with the historiography task of the Western region of Costa Rica, since it proposes an alternative view for the approaching and reconstruction of the local and regional history, grounded in the theoretical and methodological arsenal of the systematic agricultural analysis systems that are applied to the particularities of the agriculture development in Palmares

production structure; production cycles; agro; Palmares; Alajuela; Costa Rica